Something like that
is possible. I found out by accident when I had a dual boot set up Windows/Linux. At the time, some early hibernate functions were being developed for Linux. I hibernated my Linux setup and just by chance decided I was fed up with it and deleted it using Partition Magic to grab the space back for Windows.
Booting back into Windows, I found that the NIC card no longer worked because it had been turned off. It took quite a lengthy bit of research via a spare machine to discover how to turn it back on using a DOS boot disk and the card's ancient utilities.
I imagine it depends on the card though.
Why
would you want to do it though? It's easy enough to stick on a free firewall and just turn off all internet connectivity when you want to. And if you only had the card enabled when you were sending data you'd never be able to download or receive a reply.
Oh, and you don't need to download anything. Device Manager/Disable Device
EDITED: 8 Dec 2006 20:12 by WILLIAMA